Acids compounds

Acids: proton donors and molar mass in solution chemistry

Strong acids such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) fully dissociate in water, while weak acids such as acetic acid (C₂H₄O₂), citric acid, and phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) establish equilibria. Molar mass converts grams of acid into moles for titration, normality, and buffer preparation. Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is a special case: it is a weak acid chemically but extremely hazardous because fluoride binds calcium.

Compare HCl vs HF for acid strength versus hazard, and H₂SO₄ vs H₃PO₄ for diprotic vs triprotic stoichiometry.